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The transfer of knowledge and technology (TKT) from universities and other Public Research Organizations (PROs) to industry is a complex and extensive process of diffusion, that comprehends a large number of channels and that is enhanced by different mechanisms. The impetus of successful transfer may come from industry-science research cooperation, university spin-off, but also from patenting and licensing activities. After a comprehensive, qualitative and quantitative assessment of national patent exploitation and TKT structures in general in the US, Japan and Israel we compare national systems and derive potential policy implications for Germany. A particular focus is on the behaviourial and organizational characteristics and the role of national Technology Transfer Offices (TTOs) inside the the TKT. The project is run in close cooperation with
Date of expiration: May 2008