In the module Basic Thermal Operations of Chemical Engineering, the following technologies are introduced: Evaporation, Distillation, Rectification, Absorption, Adsorption, Extraction, Membrane Technology and Crystallization to separate mixtures of substances by applying thermal energy. First, physical processes behind the processes are explained, and based on this, design concepts, especially short-cut methods, for dimensioning and construction of associated technical apparatus are presented. Finally, real processes in which the basic operations are used are discussed and the reference to current questions from research and development is established.